ADHD - A Secure Base Psychological Services, LLC

Understanding ADHD: Attention Deficit Disorder in Children

What is ADHD and What Does It Stand For?

ADHD stands for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with functioning or development. It is commonly diagnosed in childhood but can persist into adulthood. Attention deficit disorder in children can have an array of symptoms, ranging from hyperactivity to impulsivity, and sometimes a combination of both.

Symptoms of ADHD:

Inattention: Difficulty sustaining attention, careless mistakes, not listening when spoken to directly, difficulty organizing tasks, avoiding tasks that require sustained mental effort, losing things, being easily distracted, forgetfulness.

Hyperactivity: Fidgeting, leaving seats inappropriately, running or climbing in inappropriate situations, inability to play or engage in activities quietly, being “on the go” or acting as if “driven by a motor,” talking excessively.

Impulsivity: Blurting out answers, difficulty waiting for their turn, interrupting or intruding on others.

Symptoms of ADHD in Girls

Often less hyperactive and more inattentive.
Daydreaming, being shy or withdrawn.
Difficulty maintaining focus in tasks.
Trouble following instructions.
Forgetfulness in daily activities.

Symptoms of ADHD in Boys

More likely to be hyperactive and impulsive.
Difficulty sitting still, running or climbing in inappropriate situations.
Acting without thinking, interrupting conversations.
Trouble waiting their turn.
Easily frustrated or emotionally reactive.

How is ADHD Diagnosed?

ADHD is typically diagnosed by a healthcare professional through a comprehensive evaluation. This includes:

A detailed history of symptoms from parents, teachers, and the individual.
Behavioral rating scales and questionnaires.
Clinical interviews with the child and family.
Observations of behavior.
Assessments to rule out other potential causes of symptoms.

Can ADHD Be Cured?

There is no cure for ADHD, but it can be effectively managed with a combination of treatments. Many individuals with ADHD lead successful and fulfilling lives with appropriate support and intervention.

Treatment for ADHD

Medication

Stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines) and non-stimulants (e.g., atomoxetine) are commonly prescribed.

Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) helps individuals develop coping strategies and organizational skills.
Parent training and education programs can assist in managing a child’s behavior.

Executive Functioning Training

Techniques to improve planning, organization, time management, and goal setting.
Tools and strategies to enhance working memory and self-control.

Other Interventions

School accommodations and individualized education programs (IEPs).
Lifestyle changes, including regular physical activity and a healthy diet.

Is ADHD Comorbid with Any Other Disorders?

Yes, ADHD often co-occurs with other disorders, including:

Anxiety disorders.
Depression.
Learning disabilities.
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
Conduct disorder.
Substance abuse disorders.

Is ADHD and Autism on the Same Spectrum?

While ADHD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) share some overlapping symptoms and can co-occur, they are distinct conditions. ADHD primarily affects attention and behavior regulation, whereas autism is characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. They are not on the same spectrum but can be present in the same individual.

Top ADHD Resources

CHADD (Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)
Website: chadd.org
A leading non-profit organization providing education, advocacy, and support for individuals with ADHD. CHADD offers webinars, local support groups, and the latest research and treatment information for ADHD.
ADDitude Magazine
Website: additudemag.com
An online magazine dedicated to providing resources, tips, and expert advice for managing ADHD. ADDitude covers everything from parenting children with ADHD to managing adult ADHD and co-occurring conditions.
ADHD Toolkit for Families
Website: aap.org
The American Academy of Pediatrics offers an ADHD Toolkit for families, which includes helpful strategies and tools for managing ADHD in children. It also offers information on diagnosis, treatment options, and school accommodations.
Understood.org
Website: understood.org
A resource designed to support parents, educators, and individuals with learning and attention issues, including ADHD. Understood provides resources on executive functioning, educational strategies, and coping mechanisms for managing ADHD symptoms.

How Dr. Vanegas Can Help

Dr. Yanet Vanegas at A Secure Base Psychological Services specializes in supporting children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD, as well as their parents. With a compassionate and evidence-based approach, Dr. Vanegas offers:

Individualized therapy plans tailored to meet each child’s unique needs.
Executive functioning training to enhance organizational skills, time management, and self-regulation.
Parent coaching to provide strategies and support for managing ADHD symptoms at home and in school.
Collaboration with schools to ensure appropriate accommodations and support within the educational setting.

Dr. Vanegas believes in working together with families to create a supportive environment that promotes growth and success for children with ADHD.